标题: Large warming of tropical convective anvils masked by their underlying clouds

作者: Pan, ZX (Pan, Zengxin); Rosenfeld, D (Rosenfeld, Daniel); Zang, L (Zang, Lin); Yin, JH (Yin, Jianhua); Mao, FY (Mao, Feiyue)

来源出版物: REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT 卷: 317 文献号: 114524 DOI: 10.1016/j.rse.2024.114524 Published Date: 2025 FEB 1

摘要: Deep convective clouds (DCCs) are crucial in the Earth's energy budget. Although the abundant DCC-generated ice-phase anvil and cirrus theoretically have a warming effect, the reported observations of their cloud radiative effect (CRE) by previous studies are unexpectedly negative. Here, we find that the apparent contradiction between theory and observations resulted from neglecting the radiative contribution of background underlying clouds based on the five-years active and passive satellite observations in global. The probability of underlying clouds below the anvils is up to 2/3. They can contribute up to 70 % of the observed total shortwave cooling effect when they fully overlap with anvils. After excluding the effect of underlying clouds, most of the anvil CRE changes sign from negative to positive, increasing by over +25 W/m2, especially over land. This revelation suggests a substantially underestimated warming effect of DCC anvils and cirrus in previous observations. Also, it may imply an underestimated aerosol-driven positive radiative forcing on DCC, which has been estimated as neutral previously.

作者关键词: Deep convective clouds radiative effects; Ice clouds radiative effects; Clouds vertical profiles

KeyWords Plus: RADIATIVE-TRANSFER; ICE CLOUDS; CALIPSO; PRECIPITATION; AEROSOLS; SYSTEMS

地址: [Pan, Zengxin] Wuhan Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Sci, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.

[Rosenfeld, Daniel] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.

[Rosenfeld, Daniel] Wuhan Univ, Sch Elect Informat, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.

[Zang, Lin] Wuhan Univ, Chinese Antarctic Ctr Surveying & Mapping, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.

[Yin, Jianhua; Mao, Feiyue] Wuhan Univ, Sch Remote Sensing & Informat Engn, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.

[Mao, Feiyue] Wuhan Univ, State Key Lab Informat Engn Surveying, Mapping & Remote Sensing, Wuhan 430079, Peoples R China.

通讯作者地址: Rosenfeld, D (通讯作者)，Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.

电子邮件地址: daniel.rosenfeld@mail.huji.ac.il

影响因子：11.1